CHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Boiling Point, Noble Gas, Chemical Polarity
14 Sep 2016
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Inert not high ie; no en won"t give off or accept electrons. Chemical bonds high high stable octet high ie; high en accept one electron 1s22s22p5 low ie; low en lose one electron 1s22s22p53s1. Forces with atoms and ions and involve valence electrons. Octet rule: atoms react by losing or gaining electrons to become isoelectronic with a noble gas. Electrons are attracted stronger to the atoms with higher en. The difference in en is used to determine the bond type. Elements with low ie combine with elements with high en; generally metal with non-metals. Metals tend to lose electrons creating positive cations. Non-metals tend to gain electrons creating negative anions. As these ions attract, they form ionic compounds held together by electromagnetic forces. Ionic compounds tend to be solid, hard, brittle and have high melting and boiling points. In solid state they form crystals called crystal lattices, held together by electrostatic attraction.
