GEO 106 Lecture 5: GEO 106 BLOCK QUIZ 5 STUDY GUIDE
18 Jun 2018
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Geography 106 Intensive Course – QUIZ #5 – Social Ecology, Quality of Life
Know what the problems associated with the factorial ecology approach were.
Factorial Urban Ecology
- Evolved from:
- The criticisms of SAA:
- All of these criticisms except for urbanization itself could be remedied with data and
rigour of statistical analysis
- The development of computing and data:
- The 1960s saw the “quantitative revolution” in most social sciences and especially
Geography
- The need for more rigorous social science:
- Due to the digitization of data and the computing and statistical advances to analyze it,
social science could now be more rigorous
In what chronological order did the main approaches to social geography come and what were their
principal differences?
- The ecological approach of the 1930s, which uses concepts from ecology to describe and explain urban
processes
- Social area analysis (SAA) of the 1940s and 1950s, that attempts to measure and map urbanization
processes
- Factorial urban ecology (since the 1960s) uses factor analysis to explore social dimensions of urban
areas
- Difference between ecological approach and social area analysis: data, looking for patterns
- Difference between factorial urban ecology to others: more sophisticated and detailed data, down to the
regions, can map it and see how it’s operated
What is the general, the spatial pattern of quality of life in cities?
Colonies, Enclave, Ghetto
- Colonies:
- Initially cluster, then disperse among host population
within same generation
- E.g. U.K., South African, Australian immigrants to
Toronto
- Enclave:
- Initially cluster, then disperse among host population in the
next Generation because of language barriers
- Subsequent new groups occupy original cluster areas or
create new ones
- E.g. Italian immigrants to Toronto integrate by
second generation and new groups forming Little
Italies at various locales
- Ghetto:
- Initially cluster, but find it difficult to disperse into host
population in any generation due to prejudice,
culture/language barriers choose to cluster, or forced to
(racism)
- Subsequent new groups occupy original cluster areas
Know the characteristics of social area analysis – its theoretical
basis, its components, and ways to measure them.
Social Area Analysis
- Attempt to give the social structure of the city an underlying empirical basis
- Grew out of the sociological discussion of the process or urbanization, especially Wirth’s (1938) ideas
on urbanism as a way of life
- Wirth suggested that the old ideas about neighbourhoods as homogenous “villages” had to give way to
the different socieities of the city
- SAA proposed that a city couldn’t be understood without consideration of the society that created it
- Urbanization changed everything – economics, demographics, culture, society
Process of Urbanization and the Development of Social Area Analysis Dimensions
Social Area Analysis Dimensions, How They Are Measured, and Their Effects on Space
Know the characteristics of the Rees’ model.
Rees – Community Space
- Other developments in urban social structure have linked housing space to social space
- Rees (1968) undertook a factor analysis of social and family status variables, along with housing stock
variables
- He found that there was a distinct pattern of housing space that matched social space
- This blend he called community space
Document Summary
Geography 106 intensive course quiz #5 social ecology, quality of life. Know what the problems associated with the factorial ecology approach were. Initially cluster, then disperse among host population within same generation. Initially cluster, then disperse among host population in the next generation because of language barriers. Subsequent new groups occupy original cluster areas or create new ones. Italian immigrants to toronto integrate by second generation and new groups forming little. Initially cluster, but find it difficult to disperse into host population in any generation due to prejudice, culture/language barriers choose to cluster, or forced to (racism) Subsequent new groups occupy original cluster areas. Know the characteristics of social area analysis its theoretical basis, its components, and ways to measure them. Attempt to give the social structure of the city an underlying empirical basis. Grew out of the sociological discussion of the process or urbanization, especially wirth"s (cid:523)(cid:883)(cid:891)3(cid:890)(cid:524) ideas.
