GEO 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hoggs Hollow, Yonge-Dundas Square, Pete Seeger
18 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CGEO106
Lecture 4:
Designative, Appraisive, Prescriptive Images
- Designative images/perception – “it is like this”: refer t the manner in which spatial attributes such as distance,
direction, size, shape, and orientation are perceived by humans and then used in spatial decision making, part of
which may be the creation of a mental map
How perception distorts “objective” spatial geometry
- Appraisive images/perception – “I like this”: refer to the value judgements people make about environments,
such as crime-ridden areas of the city (value judgement)
How perception labels space and location so that is becomes place
- Prescriptive images/perception – “it should be like this”: refer to people’s preferences and judgements about how
things should be, such as when planning departments designate some areas as single family detached housing and
some areas for apartments, and labelling areas as “Weston” or “Hogg’s Hollow”
How perception would like space and place to be
Information and the Distance Decay Curve
- Knowledge and familiarity decreases as distance increases
Mental Maps
- Mental maps: distorted, ego-centric images of place, mentally stored by individuals and drawn upon as resources
in interpreting, organizing and decision-making with respect to a person’s actions in an environment
- Mental maps are what you use to remember the spatial arrangement of information you need to make geographic
decisions (routes, connecting routes, how you get to and from places, etc…)
Lynch’s Elements of the City
Paths – Lines of Movement
- Sidewalks, highways, railways, creeks, streets
Edges – Lines as Barriers to Movement
- Waterfront, railways, Donvalley, streets, highways
- Lines, barrier of movement
Nodes – Point Features that can be Entered and Form Foci
- Crossways, Dundas square, Eaton Center, Grand
Central Station, Union Station
Landmarks – Point Features Usually Not Entered but Highly Visible (Prominent)
- CN Tower, The White House, Big Ben, Eiffel Tower
Districts – Areas with identifiable, homogenous character
- Little Italy, Cabbagetown, Fashion District, Financial
District, Waterfront, Chinatown, Kensington
Boston’s Composite Mental Map
- Dotted line = mentioned less
- How many times do people repeat
from a bunch of mental maps
Boston’s as Lynch’s Elements
- Label Lynch’s elements on the
mental maps
Document Summary
Designative, appraisive, prescriptive images direction, size, shape, and orientation are perceived by humans and then used in spatial decision making, part of which may be the creation of a mental map. Designative images/perception (cid:498)it is like this(cid:499): refer t the manner in which spatial attributes such as distance, Appraisive images/perception (cid:498)) like this(cid:499): refer to the value judgements people make about environments, Prescriptive images/perception (cid:498)it should be like this(cid:499): refer to people"s preferences and judgements about how some areas for apartments, and labelling areas as (cid:498)weston(cid:499) or (cid:498)(ogg"s (ollow(cid:499) such as crime-ridden areas of the city (value judgement) How perception labels space and location so that is becomes place things should be, such as when planning departments designate some areas as single family detached housing and. How perception would like space and place to be. Knowledge and familiarity decreases as distance increases. Mental maps are what you use to remember the spatial arrangement of information you need to make geographic.
