NSE 22A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, Thyroid, Atherosclerosis
10 Sep 2019
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Nse22 winter hesi case study #2: thyroid disorders. Thyroid hormones (ths): hormones produced by thyroid gland that regulate energy metabolism, growth, and development. 2 types: triiodothyronine (t3, thyroxine (t4) Hypothalamus secretes thyroid releasing hormone (trh) which stimulates anterior pituitary gland to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh)/thyrotropin/thyrotropic hormone which stimulates thyroid gland to secrete t3 and t4. T3 and t4 secretion is controlled by negative feedback to hypothalamus to stop secreting. Hypothyroidism: abnormally low activity of thyroid gland resulting in insufficient circulating. Adverse effect of treating hyperthyroidism (i. e surgical removal, rai therapy) Atrophy of thyroid gland d/t hashimoto"s disease and graves" disease. Hashimoto"s disease: autoimmune disease in which immune system attacks thyroid resulting in thyroiditis. Graves" disease: autoimmune disease of unknown etiology marked by thyroid enlargement and excessive th secretion. Myxedema crisis/coma: medical emergency d/t prolonged low t3 and t4 and characterized by (1) subnormal temperature, (2) hypotension, and (3) hypoventilation. Coronary atherosclerosis d/t accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in small blood vessels.
