PAT 20A/B Lecture 6: Week Six- Acid Base Balance
17 Jan 2019
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Document Summary
What"s normal: ph = 7. 35 7. 45, paco2 = 35 45 mmhg. This movement helps maintain electrical balance inside the cells. Renal system (metabolic: regulates plasma concentration of hco 3, responds to a change in systemic ph within hours to days, responds by, reabsorbing hco 3, secretes h+ from fixed acids, generates hco 3, occurs primarily within the proximal renal tubule. Four major acid base imbalances: respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis. Manifestations of respiratory acidosis: hypoxemia (often accompanies resp. acidosis, confusion, disorientation, warm flushed skin, weakness, tachycardia, headaches, blurred vision, muscle twitching, psychological disturbances. If acidosis is severe or prolonged: increased csf pressure, papilledema, lethargy to coma. Compensation: kidneys, h+ secretion, hco3 generation & reabsorption, buffer systems other than carbonic acid accept h+ Collaborative care: treat the cause e. g. copd give bronchodilators, mechanical hyperventilation (blows off co2) Respiratory alkalosis: caused by hyperventilation that results in plasma pco2 & in plasma ph.
