PHL 552 Lecture 3: Positive Instance + Karl Popper
13 Feb 2017
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Lecture 3 - positive instance + karl popper. Theory testing - how theories are tested within science. Theory of confirmation by hempel: if we have scientific theory that is an empirical generalization (all a are b) we can say that evidence represents a positive instance of that generalization. An object that is black and a raven - positive instance. ^doesn"t prove it - doesn"t give certainty but confirms theory in the sense of increasing our justification for it. Probability that all ravens are black is higher. Giving us a formal theory of confirmation: doesn"t matter what the theory is saying, only the form (all a"s are bs) of the theory and how the form relates to our evidence. Another feature is the feature of empirical generalizations that are confirmed: projection. Good reasons to think all ravens are black is true.
