PHL 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: World Thinking Day, Inductive Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHL 214
• Professor: Thomas Land

Document Summary

Argument basics: deductive vs. inductive arguments, deductive arguments: validity and soundness (important, inductive arguments: strength and cogency. Must be true: for this reason, deductively valid arguments are said to be truth-preserving, a valid argument with the true premises is said to be sound. If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true: truth-preserving. Therefore, the rac is located in guelph, on: this is a deductive argument, a deductive argument can be logically strong/valid where the conclusion follows from the premises but it can be false. Strength vs. cogency: an argument is inductively strong if and only if, given that premises are true, the conclusion is probably true. Mary has quit smoking: an argument is inductively weak if and only if it is not inductively strong, quitting smoking usually improves your health. Therefore, mary"s health will probably improve: a few police officers are corrupt.