PHL 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Fallacy, Counterexample, Begging
Document Summary
Rationally acceptable- believe the premises of an argument without violating any standard of evidence or plausibility reasonable guidelines for evidence and acceptability? infinite regress- when the premises keep being questioned, and results in ongoing sub arguments (sub- sub arguments ) Premises supported elsewhere: by indicate such by foot notes, author relying on another authority, if the authority is a proper one, the claim is acceptable. Premises known a priori to be true: priori= from the first from logic and concepts alone, posteriori/ empirical = claims that are knowable only after, or on the basis of, experience. Eg- (a) no one can steal his own property. (b) (b) no one can steal the president"s property. Common knowledge = known by virtually everyone or widely believed, and there is no widely known evidence against it however common knowledge varies with time and place. Note- many arguments proceed from premises taken as common knowledge and move on to new conclusions.
