PPA 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Precedent, Solitary Confinement
13 Jan 2017
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The rule of law: laws should be formulated through democratic systems and applied justly. Laws can be challenged or defended against in court/tribunal. Judicial independence: judges must be free of pressure, political or otherwise. Impartial rulings are critical to democracy and justice: security of position & salary ensure some protection from pressure, does not necessarily include personal opinions, values, beliefs. Lawyers: specialized to offense and sometimes venue (tribunals, court, superior courts, court of appeal, military court, supreme court) Because society is constantly in flux, never static in opinion or belief. Administrative tribunal: not as formal as court; presented before a panel, not a judge; lawyers are(cid:374)"t (cid:374)e(cid:272)essary. Courts of appeal: se(cid:272)o(cid:374)d li(cid:374)e; (cid:272)a(cid:374) apply to appeal a (cid:272)ourt"s de(cid:272)isio(cid:374: supreme court reviews applications. Must be able to justify the money spent, the problems addressed/not addressed. Deputy minister: administrative head, appointed based on experience & expertise. Help design and implement programs and services.
