PSY 654 Lecture 8: Lecture 8 Cognitive Psychology PSY 654 Ryerson University
30 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
How watson works in the words of ken jennings. Family resemblance (wittgenstein, 1953): similarity among members of a category, across. Two classes of psychological theories that focus on similarity as the primary organizing multiple attributes principle: Degree of family resemblance (attributes shared with other members of category) Reaction time in sentence veri cation (yes or no) An apple is a fruit vs. a pomegranate is a fruit . Sentence veri cation is faster for items high in prototypicality than for items low in prototyicality. Name as many fruits as you can think of! Fruit as a prime for apple or pomegranate . Experience based, exposure determines how quickly you will identify an object. Category membership is a function of similarity to average category member. Category membership is a function of similarity to speci c exemplars. Experience: prototypes used early, exemplars/exceptions added later. Category size: prototypes for large categories, exemplars for small categories. Basic level: psychologically privileged, most readily available.
