SSH 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Ad Hominem, Fallacy, False Dilemma

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Social Sciences and Humanities
• Course: SSH 105
• Professor: Andrew Hunter

Document Summary

Inconsistent - i. e. not true, but could be false. There is a video of rob ford and there is not a video of rob ford . Principle: if a claim conflicts with our background information, we have good reason to doubt it. Impairment - too dark/bright, sick, injured, stressed, distracted. Innumeracy - "being bad with numbers and probability" We should proportion our belief to the evidence. The premises don"t provide adequate support for the conclusion. Appeal to authority - a claim comes from someone deemed to be an expert who in actuality, is not. Conjunction fallacy - the probability of a+b is never greater than the probability of a. Gambler"s fallacy - the mistaken belief that if something happens frequently, then it will be less frequent in the future. 3 common/serious mistakes made: resisting contrary evidence, looking only for confirming evidence, preferring available evidence. Irrelevant premises have no bearing on the truth of the conclusion: (1) genetic fallacy.