PSYC 1250 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Theory Of Reasoned Action, Theory Of Planned Behavior, Classical Conditioning
19 Jun 2018
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Department
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Attitude Defined
Evaluations of various aspects of the social world
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A positive or negative evaluation of an object (generally)
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Evaluations of people, objects and ideas
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Evaluation of oneself, other people, event, issues, and material things with
some degree of favour or disfavour
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Different from the word attitude you hear in every day life (temperament)
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The scientific term is a general evaluation of a attitudinal object (person, place,
activity, abstract notion)
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2 Types of Attitudes
Symbolic: linked to long standing value
Attitudes about freedom, equality, fairness, nationality, etc.
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Instrumental: based on direct benefits and costs of the attitude object
Serves a purpose
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One person will take a long time, another will/can do it now, you will pick
the one that is more convenient for you
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Picking the cheaper brand to save money
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Someone likes coffee, you see them drinking coffee, don’t like tomatoes,
they don’t eat tomatoes
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Attitude- Behaviour Link
The more you know, the better you can predict attitudes
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Relationship between attitude-behaviour is almost non-existent
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If the relationship is measured properly, attitude can be a good predictor of
behaviour
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Behavioural models- theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behaviour
Have great success is using attitude to determine behaviour
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Level of attitude- behaviour of specificity
If you measure a broad attitude, you won't get a specific behaviour
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You need to ask specific attitude questions in order to predict a
specific behaviour
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1.
Time factors
Who are you going to vote for tomorrow, vs. who are you going to
vote for in three years
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Meeting someone, you hit it off and its great, you don’t see each
other for awhile and when you meet again you are not happy with
that person
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2.
Attitude strength
The stronger the attitude, the better the prediction for the
behaviour
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Acquiring more information
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Amount of personal involvement
If you change the drinking age, the younger people will have a
higher aversion to this because they are the ones affected
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Attitude formed through Direct experience
We have negative attitudes towards homelessness and
poverty, but those of us who are not in this category do not
care as much as those who are
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3.
Attitude accessibility
Things that impact you are more accessible and so you will have a
stronger attitude towards them
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4.
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Attitudes
Affective processes
Classical conditioning
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Behavioural processes
Instrumental conditioning
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Cognitive processes
Theory of reasoned action/theory of planned behaviour
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Operant Conditioning
Behaviour towards attitude object (playing with a Barbie doll)
Rewards and Punishments (parents' approval/disapproval)
Positive or negative attitudes towards attitude object
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Classical Conditioning
Stimulus 1 (mothballs)
Stimulus 2 (visits to grandmother)
Pleasurable feelings
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Stimulus 1 (mothballs)
Pleasurable feelings
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Cognitive Dissonance
Unpleasant state that results when individuals notice inconsistency between
two or more of their attitudes or between their attitudes and their behaviour
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Sometimes attitudes follow behaviour, we can act our way into a way of thinking
The Zimbardo prison experiment- he actually encouraged a lot of the behaviours of
the guards by acting as thr prison warden
How some actors end up together after filming a romantic movie, these relationships
don’t usually last
Lecture 02/05
Monday, February 5, 2018
11:03 AM
Document Summary
Evaluations of various aspects of the social world. A positive or negative evaluation of an object (generally) Evaluation of oneself, other people, event, issues, and material things with some degree of favour or disfavour. Different from the word attitude you hear in every day life (temperament) The scientific term is a general evaluation of a attitudinal object (person, place, activity, abstract notion) Instrumental: based on direct benefits and costs of the attitude object. One person will take a long time, another will/can do it now, you will pick the one that is more convenient for you. Someone likes coffee, you see them drinking coffee, don"t like tomatoes, they don"t eat tomatoes. The more you know, the better you can predict attitudes. If the relationship is measured properly, attitude can be a good predictor of behaviour. Behavioural models- theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behaviour. Have great success is using attitude to determine behaviour.
