ARCH 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Guilá Naquitz Cave, Radiocarbon Dating, Indian Knoll
11 Sep 2015
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Document Summary
Agriculture in mesoamerica and into ne and sw america. Dry caves in highlands of mexico (tehuacan valley, oaxaca valley): dry landscapes that allowed for good preservation! (no animal domestication yet)! Domestication of squash, teosinte, maize, beans > gradually integrated, but kept hunting. Domestication chronology by ams radiocarbon dating ! Squash seed dated 10,000-8,300 years ago (when domestication started)! Formative period (2,000 yrs ago to contact! Domestic maize, wild plants, wild animals (deer, jackrabbit)! Settlement: pit houses, communal structures, irrigation channels! Material culture: large nets, baskets, cradle, burials (dead wearing sandals and robes)! Subsistence: domestic plants, maize, beans ( rst), wild animals! Settlements: large pit houses, storage structures outside! Engaged in agriculture until 1000 yrs. ago! 2000 yr gap in the onset of agriculture (over small distance)! Optimal foraging theory (hard and roney): humans act on the basis of rational self-interest to maximize ef ciency in collecting and processing resources! Late woodland (1000 yrs. ago to contact)!
