BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Adrenal Medulla, Adrenal Cortex, Endocrine System

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ochrelizard922

14 Mar 2016

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BISC 101

Professor

Tony Williams

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Document Summary

Endocrine signals: are hormones carried between cells by blood or other body fluids. Neuroendocrine signals (system): released from neurons into circulation and act on distant cells only affecting target cells expressing specific receptors for that hormone. Hormones signalling acts through three pathways and is regulated by negative feedback. Endocrine pathway: hormone released by non-neural (glandular) endocrine cell into circulation. Neuroendocrine pathway: neurohormone from modified nerve cell (neurosecretory cell) directly affects target cell. Hormone: organic chemical messenger; at low concentrations; generally have long lasting effects. Synthesized/secreted by glandular (endocrine) and neurosecretory (neuroendocrine) cells. Transported in circulation and have action on distant target cell/tissue. Only affect target cells with specific receptors. Lipid solubility: determines whether hormone passes easily through plasma membrane to target/effector cell. Anterior pituitary:hypothalamus and pituitary work together to regulate: short axon neurosecretory cells originating in hypothalamus produce neurohormones, releasing- hormones rh, release-inhibiting hormones ih. Posterior pituitary: hypothalamus and pituitary work together to regulate: long axon neurosecretory.

Related Questions

1. In order for a hormone to cause a response, it must first bindto an appropriate receptor on its target cell. (Points: 1)
True
False

2. Disorders associated with the endocrine system can be caused byproblems with hormone production or lack of receptors for thehormones on the target cells. (Points: 1)
True
False

3. The levels of potassium and sodium in the body are regulatedprimarily by the hormone aldosterone. (Points: 1)
True
False

4. Nitric oxide is produced by cells lining the blood vessels; thischemical messenger regulates the contraction of smooth muscle inthe digestive tract as well as local blood flow in various tissuesof the body. (Points: 1)
True
False

5. Uptake of blood glucose by liver cells is stimulated by (Points:1)
ADH
prolactin
parathyroid hormone
glucagon
insulin

6. Which of the following is true regarding estrogen andprogesterone? (Points: 1)
They are secreted by the ovaries.
They are released during a female's reproductive years.
They regulate the menstrual cycle.
They stimulate the development of female secondary sexcharacteristics.
all of the above

7. Which of the following is not a symptom of diabetes mellitus?(Points: 1)
blurred vision
high sodium concentration in the blood and urine
excessive thirst
tingling in the feet or hands
fatigue

8. Which of the following is required in the diet in order foractive thyroid hormones to be produced? (Points: 1)
calcium
phosphorus
iodine
zinc
iron

9. Which of the following nonhormonal chemical messengers isimportant in local control of blood flow and blood clotting?(Points: 1)
prostaglandins
nerve growth factor
tumor angiogenesis growth factor
histamine
epidermal growth factor

10. If diabetes is left untreated, which of the following coulddevelop as a result? (Points: 1)
neural disorders
kidney failure
blindness
cardiovascular disorders
all of the above

11. The process by which the blastocyst becomes buried within theendometrial lining of the uterus is: (Points: 1)
fertilization.
implantation.
morphogenesis.
differentiation
embryonic development.

12. The placenta forms from embryonic tissue and (Points: 1)
bone marrow
amniotic fluid
embryonic disk
endometrium
yolk sac

13. Which of the following organs is not fully developed in a fetusand is therefore bypassed by the ductus aerteriosus? (Points:1)
liver
pancreas
heart
lungs
bladder

14. During puberty, the secretion of GnRH causes the secretion of________, which in turn stimulate(s) the production of sexhormones. (Points: 1)
LH and FSH
oxytocin and prolactin
insulin
growth hormone
oxytocin and growth hormone

15. Research on the aging process shows that wounds of the elderlyheal more slowly and that they are more susceptible to disease.These are problems associated with an aging ________ system.(Points: 1)
respiratory
immune
integumentary
digestive
endocrine

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BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Adrenal Medulla, Adrenal Cortex, Endocrine System

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