BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Intron, Signal Recognition Particle, Telomere
16 Jun 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
How genes/dna work: transcription, rna processing, translation and post-translation modification. Central dogma 1 gene = 1 protein. Understand why cells are different but all cells contain the same genes: cells are different bc they express different genes. Rna is single stranded but contains a hairpin-lie secondary structure. Takes a sequence of 3 nucleotides to code for 1 specific amino acid. 64 possible codons, are redundant and unambiguous and near universal. 1 codon codes for a specific aa, any codon 1 aa. Rna pol (polymerase: prokaryotes have 1, eukaryotes have 1, 2 and 3 (r rna, m rna, t rna respectively) Respectively) helps rna pol know where to start. Why are there introns and exons: 1 gene can code for different proteins due to the introns and exons. A single rna can produce several proteins at once due to polyribosomes. Most mutations are now known to be caused by only one error of an amino acid on a polypeptide chain.
