BPK 142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Coccyx, Bone Marrow, Sacrum
Document Summary
Osteology and arthrology: functions of the skeleton, provides a supporting framework for the body, provides attachment points for muscles, creating a lever system that enables. 1 body movement: provides protection of vital organs, blood cell formation red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells and platelets. Bone is richly supplied with blood vessels: mineral storage calcium and phosphorus, structure of bone. The major building blocks of bone are calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, collagen fibers, and water. Collagen is a protein that is the main organic constituent of connective tissue. Bone tissue is composed of widely separated cells, called osteocytes, surrounded by matrix. The matrix is about 25% water, 25% protein, and 50% mineral salts. Bone is highly dynamic and is continually being remodeled in response to mechanical stress or even absence of stress. Longitudinal growth of a bone occurs at the epiphyseal plate, which is a layer of cartilage. The proliferating cartilage cells are gradually replaced by bone.