CMNS 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Standard Deviation, Contingency Table, Central Tendency

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Communication
• Course: CMNS 260
• Professor: Chris Jeschelnik

Document Summary

Science a body of knowledge about reality as well as a set of systematic methods for generating this knowledge (page 4) Empirical the criterion requiring sensory experience as evidence (page 4) important; we have to make observations that we can see (?) in reality. Methodology a set of practices and techniques used to collect, process, and interpret information aimed at enhancing our understanding of reality (page 4) set of practices. Operationalization is the development of specific research procedures (operations) that will result in empirical observations representing those concepts (page 120) Variables properties of objects that can change (page 13) Independent variable a variable believed to produce changes in a dependent variable (page 19) Dependent variable a variable whose changes we are interested in explaining (page 19) Relationship a connection identified by a change in one thing being associated with a systematic change in another. p. 19.