CRIM 220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: A Priori And A Posteriori, Spurious Relationship, Sample Size Determination
13 Jun 2016
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Purpose of every study is to find the relationship between variables. How you state the problem frames the outcome. 2 types of empirical questions: descriptive qs. Attempt to describe a situation or pop"n. Can use descriptive answers to predict outcomes. Ex: what characterizes individuals who are most likely to cheat on their taxes: causal qs. Ask how a particular change in one variable would impact another variable. Measure how much iv effects the dv. Ex: what would happen with accidents if you increase the driving age to 21. Correlational: 2 variables perform in a synchronized manner. When one is high so is the other. Causal: 1 variable causes another variable to change. One variable must increase or decrease in a predictable manner in relation to another variable. : inc. in transit tickets means less riders. The cause (iv) must occur before the effect (dv) Mon = study and tues. = exam not mon= exam and tues. = study.
