HSCI 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Sister Chromatids, Spindle Apparatus, Germ Cell

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HSCI 100
• Professor: Nienke Van Houten

Document Summary

Chromosome is a single linear dna molecule (double helix) with a string of nucleotides that spell out genes and other info. Genome: the total dna in all the chromosomes and a complete genome is found in every cell. 46 chromosomes that are in 23 pairs within a cells nucleus. Haploid: having 1 set of chromosomes, as in eggs and sperm. Diploid: having 2 sets of chromosomes in each cell. Somatic (body) cells are diploid pairs of chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes. Autosomes: the 22 pairs of chromosome that control traits that do not relate to gender. Sex chromosomes: 1 pair (x and y) that contains genes which establish gender. Somatic cells: (body cells) that have 46 chromosomes are call diploid (2n) Germ cells: (sex cells) that have only 23 chromosomes not in pairs are called haploid (n) The number of single sets of chromosomes in a cell or an organism. Mitosis: what the somatic and germ cells do.