ANTH 3100Y Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Optimal Foraging Theory, Cultural Ecology, Social Darwinism
1 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Natural selection differential survival and reproduction between individuals due to variation in phenotype. Mechanism by which evolution occurs heritable variation and differential fitness. Fitness how successful an organism is at reproducing (narrowly equivalent to number so offspring that survive to reproduce) Adaptation the consequences of reproductive success and selection of advantageous heritable variation. Unwanted legacies: social darwinism spencer promoted and encouraged application of evolutionary models to social contexts and names natural selection survival of the fittest . Unwanted legacies: unilineal evolution civilization (writing, cities), barbarism (pottery, agriculture, iron), and savagery (fire, stone tools, arrows) Systemic emphasis expectation as to how different categories of material evidence should correspond, particularly if only partial data. Classification: broad idea of what sort of societies we are dealing with. Individual states rise and fall," suggesting the value of a more local, contextual multi- lineal perspective. Post-processual critiques classificatory, uni-lineal, environmentally deterministic, homeostatic, teleological (goal orientated)
