PHIL 1200H Lecture 17: Value Based Schemes (nov. 6)
4 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Require judgments that need to be further observed. Are typically moral, legal, aesthetic (based on appeal) and political. Can involve facts, recommendations, rules and obligations. Claims hold practicality and typically point to questioning virtue. We do not act if morals are an act of individual taste and try to convince others of our own morals. Some people argue humans have an inherent system of morality. Many times we are unable to process value based issues so we appeal to reasons for guidance. P1: a causes b, b causes c, causes x. Conclusion: a is wrong as it leads to x. This requires evaluation of the empirical claim in p1 (does the causal chain really hold?) and the evaluative claim in p2 (is the consequence really undesirable?) Typically implies a hidden premise that links a to x. Looks like a snow ball, the further the snow ball rolls, the more it picks up. Can be unsuccessful if analogy is irrelevant.
