BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Sucrase, Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins, Protein Dimer
21 Jun 2018
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BIO 107 Lecture 13 - Energy and Cells
What prevents spontaneous (exergonic) reactions?
During a typical chemical reaction:
oTwo bonds are broke
oTwo bonds are made
oBreaking the bonds requires an initial input of energy (activation energy = EA)
oEnzymes decreases EA so that a reaction can occur (FIGURE ON SLIDE 6)
What allows non-spontaneous (endergonic) reactions?
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
oFunction #1) a monomer used to make RNA
oFunction #2) a source of power
To power transport proteins
To power vesicles
ATP Hydrolysis
oATP + H2O = ADP + Phosphate (Inorganic) + ENERGY
oG = -3.05 kJ/mol
Coupled Reactions (SLIDE 12 math thingy)
Example: Sucrose
Sucrose = disaccharide made from plants (especially sugar beets and sugar cane)
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Document Summary
Adenosine triphosphate (atp: function #1) a monomer used to make rna, function #2) a source of power. Atp hydrolysis: atp + h2o = adp + phosphate (inorganic) + energy, g = -3. 05 kj/mol. Sucrose = disaccharide made from plants (especially sugar beets and sugar cane) Sucrase: a typical enzyme: 1000 reactions per second: named substrate + ase . Ethanol: made by yeast as they feed on fruit, etc: animals that eat fruit must break down ethanol. Alcohol dehydrogenase: (adh: the enzyme that animals that eat fruit use to break down ethanol, in human liver cells (and others, structure: homodimer. Lecture 13 - energy and cells: allergy: when the immune system overreacts to a harmless molecule (pollen, food intolerance: when a person is unable to digest a nutrient because they don"t make a specific enzyme (example: lactase) Beta lactamase: made by r plasmids; cuts up penicillin. Humans: antibiotics: molecules used to kill bacteria inside us.
