BIOL208 Lecture 22: Lecture 22 Mutualism and Parasitism
22 Dec 2018
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Lecture 22: symbiotic relationships: organisms live in close proximity to each other, mutualism: interaction between individuals of different species that benefit both partners. Facultative mutualism: species doesn"t need mutualistic partner to survive. Obligate mutualism: species need mutualistic partner to survive: parasitism: sometimes parasites manipulate their own host to increase their own fitness. Infestation: protection, construction, depending on environmental conditions, organisms can switch between parasitic and mutualistic. Most mutualism requires more than two species: pollination routes: abiotic and biotic. Flowers want visitations from pollinators to increase the rate of pollen transfer to other plants with expending as little energy a possible. Pollinators want easy access to nectar (nectar is food) Bees want flower open at all times for maximum foraging. Flowers want to open only for pollination to prevent nectar evaporation, respiration costs and stds. Cheaters!- don"t move pollen but eat nectar prove that mutualism is not always helpful; it is reciprocal exploitation: mycorrhizae: relationship between plants and mycorrhizal fungi.
