LING204 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Inductive Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning
18 Sep 2016
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Syntax: how to combine words with each other to make sentences. Using 2 negatives in 1 sentence isn"t ungrammatical. Just because standard english is codified doesn"t mean it is superior. Inductive reasoning: start with data and develop hypothesis/explanation based on your data. Eg: all chickens i have seen are brown ===> all chickens are brown. Deductive reasoning: start with a hypothesis and come to reasoning. They must agree in gender, person and number with antecedent. Used to figure out the distribution of anaphors. Linguists might search each one and make observations concerning the antecedent they can occur after. To tell how common something is and if something is preferred in certain genres. Like if you wanted to between active and passive of something and see which one is used more in writing or talking. Linguist makes own data and decide whether they are grammatical, marginally grammatical (?) or ungrammatical (*)
