HTST 307 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Columbian Exchange, Industrial Revolution, Social Mobility
18 Feb 2019
School
Department
Course
Professor
• Forces of Change in Mid-18th Century world
o Culture
• Spread of Enlightenment
o Economics
• Expansion of trade
• Emergence of early industrial revolution
o Political/Social
• Merchant classes and businesspeople begin challenging the idea that
only aristrocacy should hold political power
o Technological
• New inventinons-some associated with IR osme not-provoked different
responses
o Undewriting all of this is an increase in population
• Increasing urbanization (associated with IR)
o What ties all of it together is the sheer fact that there are more people livign
together
• Global population revolution
o Steady increase in population from 1800-1900
• Late 18th
▪ Populaiton doubles nearly triples
o The population is matched with global levels
• Increase in total population
• States are getting stonger
o Better protect
o Better sense as to what is there
o Introduciton of american to the global economy
• Nitoductio of Columbian exchange
• Introduction of new crops
▪ Potato
▪ Grows nutrition
▪ Better health--> improve productivity
▪ Healthier population--> lower death rates
• Children
• As children gwo up, upper class try to hold their status
o Social mobility becomes more and more difficulte in 19th century
o Domestic manufacturing expands
• More people
• Seven Years'War
o Every major atlantic revolution has its roots in Seven Year's war
o Global war for Empire
