ANSC 3080 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Motor Neuron, Sweat Gland, Aldosterone
14 Oct 2016
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Homeostasis and integration: case of thermoregulation (lecture 1) Coordinated responses of organs/systems automatically compensating for environmental changes coordinated responses involve more than 1 system automatic response involve the autonomic nervous system (reflexes) Homeotherms warm- blooded animals, maintain body temp w. in narrow limits low and high temps not tolerated. Within thermo neutral zone = no adjustment needed. Perfect husbandry conditions = no additional energy required to maintain body temp. Critical temperature = energy required to maintain homeothermic condition. Hyperthermia (heat stress) = generally fatal, cells can not function, enzymes and proteins denatured. Hypothermia (cold stress) = cells can survive freezing but blood circulation and respiration fail, fatal. Need a balance between heat production and heat loss. Heat comes mainly from body production in mammals and birds (endothermic = not energy efficient) Metabolism (conversion of nutrients to heat/energy, mainly in heart, liver, kidneys and brain) growth and production (body factory) exercise (about 80% of energy produced is heat)
