ANSC 3080 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Grey Matter, White Matter, Myelin
2 Oct 2015
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Peripheral nervous system (wires running to organs): sensory system, somatic motor system, Composed of a cell body and processes (axons [wire] and dentrites [branch like connectors]) Cell body = integrates incoming and outgoing information. Neuron categories based on the number of processes: Multipolar (very branched , many dendrites) mainly in central nervous system. Motor (efferent) from cns to muscles and glands. Interneurons (association): relay info between neurons in cns. Specialized receptors : transducers = convert stimuli to signal. Non-neuronal cells; 10x more abundant than neurons (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia) Secrete glutamate: can modulate excitatory level of neurons (astrocytes) Contact blood vessels and neurons = transport nutrients not storage. White matter corresponds to bundles of neuron processes. Nerves = bundles of axons, run to and from cns. Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in clusters named ganglia. Cell bodies of motor nerves are located in area of the cns (brain, and spinal cord)
