NUTR 3210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Acetyl Group, Cell Wall, Homopolysaccharide
4 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Monosaccharides: most common is glucose, occurs naturally, cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller unit, considered a reducing sugar if the anomeric carbon is free. Disaccharides: most common is sucrose, 2 monosaccharides joined by acetyl bond (glycosidic bond) Polysaccharides: homo and hetero-polysaccharides, glycogen (animals, starch and cellulose (plant) All cho have a h:o ratio of 2:1. Same molecular formula and sequence but differ in 3d form due to chiral carbons. Chiral carbon: carbon with 4 different atoms or groups attached to it, counting begins with carbonyl carbon. Number of stereoisomers for a molecule = 2^n (n = # chiral carbons) Hydroxyl (oh) group: right in fischer down in hayworth left in fischer up in hayworth. Hemiacetal: alpha has oh pointing down, beta pointing up. Anomeric vs chiral: anomeric = carbon with carbonyl group, chiral = 4 different atoms/groups. D vs l: d is nutritionally more important.
