NUTR 3210 Lecture 11: Unit 11- Micronutrients III
22 Mar 2017
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What are enzyme cofactors: enzyme cofactors: molecules that enzymes require in order to carry out their biological role. Although this isn"t universal, cofactors generally fall into two categories: soluble cofactors: act as substrates in the reactions that they are involved in and are not tightly bound to enzymes. Although the substrates are consumed in the reaction, they are usually regenerated in related processes. E. g,nad+ is a common soluble cofactor, which becomes. They are not consumed in the reactions, but may be temporarily modi ed during the reaction. Many require post translational modi cations, which were discussed in unit 07. Adding to that, it is relevant here that if the mature protein is an enzyme, it might require inorganic metals or organic molecules, like vitamins to be incorporated around its active sight. The sequence of 20 or 21 amino acids present in the primary structure of the protein is usually insuf cient to allow the protein to function as an enzyme.
