PATH 3610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Peripheral Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Coronary Circulation
14 May 2018
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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- atherosclerosis and heart disease very common
- atherosclerosis
o sclerosis = hardening, athere = porridge
o –oma = swelling
o Carotid arteries affected
o Coronary artery: supply oxygen to heart muscles
▪ Sub branches – get obstructed or blocked before you have
heart attack
o Aorta
- Intima: inner lining of all vessels (composed of endothelial cells and
connective tissue)
- Vascular smooth muscle forms the muscular layers of muscular arteries
Hardening of the arteries Arteriosclerosis
- medial calcification: age associated
- arteriolosclerosis: hypertension, diabetes mellitus
- atherosclerosis
Hypertensive vascular disease
- risk factor for coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents, congestive
heart failure, renal failure and aortic dissection
- assumed diastolic pressure = 90 mmHg and systolic = 140
- benign or malignant
- blood pressure a function of cardiac output and peripheral resistance
- arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
- large vessels (aorta, coronary, carotid)
- fat dot (foam cells)
- fatty streak (plaque)
- atheroma
o fatty streak and central cholesterol and lipids
- fibroatheroma
o lipid core and fibrotic layer
- complicated lesion
o surface defect, thrombus
- aneurysm and rupture – bulge from pressure
o when it ruptures, you die quickly
- occlusion by thrombus
- stenosis – narrowing
- myocardial infarction – have end artery system: no collateral supply
- cerebral infarction - have end artery system: no collateral supply
- aortic aneurysms
- peripheral vascular disease
- coronary artery
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Document Summary
Atherosclerosis: sclerosis = hardening, athere = porridge, oma = swelling, carotid arteries affected, coronary artery: supply oxygen to heart muscles, sub branches get obstructed or blocked before you have heart attack, aorta. Intima: inner lining of all vessels (composed of endothelial cells and connective tissue) Vascular smooth muscle forms the muscular layers of muscular arteries. Hypertensive vascular disease risk factor for coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents, congestive heart failure, renal failure and aortic dissection. Assumed diastolic pressure = 90 mmhg and systolic = 140. Blood pressure a function of cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Atherosclerosis large vessels (aorta, coronary, carotid) fat dot (foam cells) fatty streak (plaque) Atheroma fatty streak and central cholesterol and lipids fibroatheroma lipid core and fibrotic layer complicated lesion: surface defect, thrombus, when it ruptures, you die quickly. Aneurysm and rupture bulge from pressure stenosis narrowing. Myocardial infarction have end artery system: no collateral supply cerebral infarction - have end artery system: no collateral supply.
