POLS 2250 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Kurt Lewin, Total Quality Management, Personal Development
21 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Neo-classical school of organization theory (1940s-1950s: never really developed enough of a body of theory to replace classical. Theory: criticized classical theorists for emphasis on structure (hierarchical structure, informal aspects of organization focused on employees, restructure organizations to maximize efficiency. Robert merton (1910-2003: bureaucracies can become dysfunctional. Bureaucrats must be impartial: individuals form informal associations such as cliques can lead to, max weber"s conception of bureaucracy did not represent reality , e. g. People with no official titles directing other workers what to do being lenient on breaks. Relationships, etc. : organizations respond to influences from the external environment modification of organizational goals, classical = just formal. Human relations/organizational behaviour school (1960s-1980s: theory based on 4 assumptions: Hawthorne experiments (1924-1930) (classical school) puzzling finding (lighting, humidity, temperature) on worker productivity: focused what actually happened rather than what should happen believed people were trying to help them, 3 key conclusions: physical capacity.
