POLS 3470 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Robert D. Putnam, Professional Association, Critical Role
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Lecture 27
Nov. 21st
Society: The Third Pillar
• The non Public or Private sector)
o Business and government must cooperate to solve societies
issues
• Three Pillars:
o Government (State / Public)
o Business (Market/Private)
o Voluntary (Third/non-profit)- increasingly important
• Public Sector restructuring- shift from government to governance
o Governance- shared responsibility between government,
voluntary sector and private sector partners because the
government can’t do it alone- places big pressure on
voluntary sector
• Implications
o Governments are doing less; abdicating responsibility for
many programs and services- government not doing as much
or spending as much money
▪ Changes to third sector financing by Harper government
(2011) – 2006 cut goods and services tax by 2% which
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cut government revenue by billions of dollars, less
money for programs and services
▪ Audits of charitable organizations (2012)- aggressively
auditing to ensure compliance with CRA- were the
audits politically motivated?
o Non-profits expected to fill the breach- do they have the
capacity to step into the breach??
Downloading to the third sectors
• Contracting the size and scope of the state is problematic
• State downloads programs to nonprofit sector, which is prone to
several failures
o Philanthropic insufficiency- needs of society are too great
o Philanthropic particularism
o Philanthropic paternalism-
o Philanthropic amateurism- they rely on people that are
amateurs that are paid very little or nothing- volunteers
• Intention is to create “social capital”
• Social capital- builds community resources (networks, norms and
trust); fosters citizenship & participation
o Does downloading build or undermine social capital?
• Commercialization of the welfare state
Third Sector
• Robert Putnam (Bowling Alone)- decline in citizen participation in
social, political and religious organizations
Third Sector Trends
• Canadian situation somewhat better, but still cause for concern
o Citizen needs increasing
o Fewer donations – annual donations dropped for first time in
30 years
o 80-20 rules (82% of donations from top 25% of donors)
o Fewer volunteers, volunteering more hours ad more
transitory involvement
o Intense competition for resources
o Wealthy are targeting donations to causes that affect/benefit
them ex. health care
o Organizations becomes more dependent on government
Defining the Third Sector
• National survey of non-profit and voluntary organizations identify
several criteria:
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