BGEN 3020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Chromatin, Metaphase, Heterochromatin
Document Summary
After this seminar you will be able to: Describe the stages of the cell cycle and roles of the cell cycle checkpoints. Compare and contrast the steps involved in mitosis versus meiosis. Explain the process of chromosomal recombination and how it can lead to chromosomal abnormalities. Compare and contrast reciprocal and robertsonian translocations. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes: these are the chromosomes that are identical between males and females. We receive 1 copy from our mother and 1 from out father. In addition, humans have 2 sex chromosomes (x and y: xx = female, xy = male. Diploid (2n): two sets of chromosomes (most human cells) Haploid (n): one set of chromosomes (sperm and eggs in humans) Tetraploid (4n): four sets of chromosomes (human cells during mitosis when dna has been duplicated or animals such as zebrafish and frogs) Polyploid (xn): cells such as cardiomyocytes or tumour cells which can undergo many rounds of.