BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Cellular Respiration, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Chemiosmosis

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erinchimpanzee657

13 May 2017

School

University of Manitoba

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIOL 1000

Professor

Kevin G.Scott

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Document Summary

Redox steps release energy stored as a chemical gradient. Overview: cellular respiration occurs in three main stages: glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell . Begins cellular respiration by breaking glucose into 2 molecules of a 3-carbon compound pyruvate: pyruvate oxidation & the citric acid cycle . Takes place within mitochondria: pyruvate is oxidized into a 2-carbon compound, citric acid cycle completes the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide. Cell makes a small amount of atp during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Main function of first 2 steps is to supply the 3rd stage with electrons: oxidative phosphorylation . Requires an electron transport chain & a process called chemiosmosis. Nadh and fadh2 (related electron carrier) shuttle electrons to an electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Most of the atp produced by cellular respiration is generated by this stage. Uses energy released by downhill fall of electrons from nadh and fadh2 to.

Related Questions

The breakdown of glucose during aerobic respiration yields ______.

a net amount of 38 molecules of ATP.

a net amount of 58 molecules of NADH

a net amount of 28 molecules of ADP

a net amount of 2 molecules of ATP

Which of the following metabolic processes does not occur in animal cells?

Fermentation

Glycolysis

Calvin cycle

Citric Acid Cycle

Yeast ferment sugar into carbon dioxide and _____.

glycogen

water

ethanol

pyruvat

Glycolysis splits glucose into two molecules of ______.

		acetate
		lactate
		pyruvate
		citrate

Aerobic Cellular Respiration (getting energy from food) involves four steps: Glycolysis, the Intermediate Acetyl CoA Reaction (Prep Reaction), the Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. State:

where each of the four steps takes place in a cell

how many ATP are generated at each step, if at all

what is the starting (ie. glucose or pyruvate) and ending substance for each step

limealligator426

Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true?

	A.	Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria, and cellular respiration occurs in chloroplasts.
	B.	Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, and cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.
	C.	Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria and in chloroplasts.

Question 2

How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration?

	A.	They produce glucose
	B.	The energy is coupled to oxygen
	C.	They produce ATP

Question 3

During redox reactions

	A.	the loss of electrons from one molecule is called reduction
	B.	electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance
	C.	protons from one molecule replace the electrons lost from another molecule

Question 4

Oxidation is the ________, and reduction is the ________.

	A.	gain of oxygen; loss of oxygen
	B.	loss of electrons; gain of electrons
	C.	gain of protons; loss of protons

Question 5

During cellular respiration, NADH

	A.	delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule.
	B.	is chemically converted into ATP
	C.	is the final electron acceptor

Question 6

A drug is tested in the laboratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit

	A.	the citric acid cycle only.
	B.	glycolysis only
	C.	the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 7

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

	A.	glycolysis
	B.	the citric acid cycle
	C.	electron transport chain

Question 8

Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?

	A.	production of CO2
	B.	a net loss of two ATPs per glucose molecule
	C.	conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds

BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Cellular Respiration, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Chemiosmosis

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