BIOL130 Lecture 14: BIOL 130 midterm 2 notes
21 Jan 2020
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
1st law of thermodynamics: energy can be transferred and transformed, it cannot be created nor destroyed. Cells obtain energy from chemical bond energy stored in food" (carbs), oxidized to co2 and h2o, energy is stored/transported in high energy bonds of activated carrier molecules (atp and nadh) Synthesis of macromolecules requires atp, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids. Electron carriers: modified nucleotides, coenzymes carry electrons from one reaction to another that readily accept a hydride atom (h-, 2 electrons and a proton) and donate it important in harvesting energy during oxidation of glucose. Nadh, nadph, fadh2 catabolism: break down complex molecules to simpler ones anabolism: synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. Burning glucose with spoon vs. catabolism by cell: Chemically similar, same total energy release, but all energy is released as heat (can"t be used by cells) Digestion: outside of cells (intestine) or in lysosome, break macros into monomeric subunits. Tca and oxidative phosphorylation: occurs in the mitochondria.
