BIOL240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Glycosidic Bond, Monosaccharide, Fructose
13 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
Monosaccharide: simplest carbohydrates single molecules: most common is glucose, form most seen is ring, sugars are joined together by glycosidic linkages. Polysaccharides: more than 2 monosaccharides joined into a huge bulky molecule. Examples: sugars fuel for cells and building blocks for other molecules, glycogen storage in animals. Fig 5. 6: starch storage in plants (1-4 linkage of - glucose) Fig 5. 7: cellulose structural strength in plants (1-4 linkage of -glucose). Fig 5. 7: chitin insect shells/surgical thread. Lipids/fats: not traditional polymers, regular fat is also called triacylglycerol, bonds between the monomers are ester linkage, they are non-polar and hydrophobic. Steroids: assembled by same type of rxn as sugars, fat (triacyglycerol) Made of 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids (hydrocarbon chain) Saturated: no double bonds: straight chains with as many h bonds as possible, packed close together - solid at room temp. Unsaturated: has double bonds: sometimes has >1 double bond, prevents molecules from packing close enough together to solidify at room temperature.
