BIOL303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Leucine Zipper, Immunoprecipitation, Nuclear Transfer

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chocolateraven632

10 Dec 2016

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL303

Professor

Bruce Reed

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Document Summary

Genomic equivalence: the theory that every cell of an organism carries the same genome. Differential gene expression: only a small percentage of the genome is expressed in each cell, and rna synthesized in a particular cell is specific to the type of cell: ultimate test for genomic equivalence: somatic nuclear transfer. Blastula nuclei result in complete organism when transferred into an enucleated egg (check if genome is still intact and support full mature development) Mature fertile sheep cloned from a somatic cell nucleus fully proved genomic equivalence. Enhancer elements are important in development because they mediate control of development by turning on transcription in certain cells, and/or repressing it in other cells. Particular combination of transcription factors and other dna-binding proteins in a developing tissue controls which genes will be expressed in that tissue. Chip-seq: chromatin is isolated and chemically crosslinked (orginal dna with interacting proteins, dna is fragmented (sonication or enzymes) into ~500bp pieces.

Related Questions

Hello can you help me with the following questions:

1. Which part of an udder was transferred to an empty oocyte to clone the sheep Dolly?

a. blastocyst (I think its this one)

b. meiotic spindle

c. intact udder cell

d. nucleus

2. What is the principle of nuclear equivalence?

a. Differentiated cells have lost DNA that codes for other cell types.

b. All nuclei are the same shape.

c. Only nuclei of germ cells contain DNA capable of producing an entire organism.

d. The genome of every somatic cell contains information capable of generating any other cell type in the body.

3. A gene contains 6 exons, numbered 1-6. Which of the following mRNA isoforms is not a possible transcriptional product of this gene?

a. 1-2-3-4-5-6

b. 2-5-3-4

c. 2-4-5-6

d. 5-6

4. Which of the following is a mechanism used to alter gene expression using mRNA transcripts?

a. Different stability (longevity) of mRNA transcripts

b. Inhibition of translation of certain mRNAs

c. Production of small RNA molecules (microRNAs) that block translation

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

5. You have recently started working in an embryology lab and have obtained a large number of unfertilized zebrafish oocytes. You decide to treat the oocytes with RNAse (a protein that will degrade RNAs, but leave DNA proteins intact) prior to fertilizing them. Will the resulting embryos develop into normal fish?

a. Yes, because RNAs from sperm cells can replace those lost from the egg.

b. Yes, because intact DNA is the only factor required for development to proceed.

c. No, because RNAse treatment will damage the structure of the oocyte.

d. No, because maternal mRNAs are required for the early stages of development.

BIOL303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Leucine Zipper, Immunoprecipitation, Nuclear Transfer

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