BIOL308 Lecture 1: Lecture 1
11 Jun 2017
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Document Summary
Chromosomes: the combination of dna and associated proteins found in organisms. The entire dna sequence necessary for the synthesis of a rna molecule or functional polypeptide. It includes coding and regulatory regions (upstreams and downstream)- additional regulatory. Gene expression: processes through which the information carried by gene is converted into observable product (protein, Mutation: transmissible permanent change in nucleotide sequences of a chromosome- often in a gene - it may change or alter its function. Mutant: an organism bearing a mutant gene that expresses itself in the phenotype (observable) Genome: all genes carried by a single gamete, microorganism or in each cell of a multicellular organism. A complete set of genetic information from a genetic system. Genotype: genetic constitution of an organism (all genes). Also: alleles at one or more specific loci. Phenotype: physical appearance of an organism due to genotype and environment. They may differ by as little as a single base.
