CHEM333 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Ketogenic Amino Acid, Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase, Pyruvate Carboxylase

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM333
• Professor: Michael Palmer

Document Summary

Introduction: gluconeogenesis converts other foodstuffs into glucose when it is not available at sufficient levels in diet. Glucose: it is an indispensable metabolite: brain requires approx. 50% of its calories in form of glucose: rbcs solely exist on them. It"s a pre(cid:272)ursor of other sugars (cid:374)eeded i(cid:374) (cid:271)iosy(cid:374)thesis of (cid:374)u(cid:272)leotides, gly(cid:272)oprotei(cid:374)s, a(cid:374)d glycolipids. Is needed to replenish nadph supplies reducing power for biosynthesis and detoxification: thus, cannot leave blood glucose level up to vagaries of dietary supply. Reactions in gluconeogenesis: most shared with glycolysis final reaction in glycolysis (pep to pyruvate which produces atp) is irreversible due to strongly exergonic nature of accompanying rearrangement of pyruvate from enol to keto form. In gluconeogenesis: takes 2 enzymatic steps to convert pyruvate back into pep: 1. Pyruvate carboxylase carboxylates pyruvate to oxaloacetate: 2. Pep carboxykinase converts oxaloacetate to pep: the pyruvate carboxylase reaction, *draw rxn*