KIN 275 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Epb41, Lipogenesis
14 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Substrates - basic fuels (fats, carbs, proteins: broken down by bioenergetics, chemical reactions collectively called metabolism, all energy degrades to heat - energy release can be measured by amount of heat produced (calories) 1 kcal = 1,000 calories: free energy used for. Repair muscle damage after exercise or injury. Needed for active transport across cell membranes to maintain homeostasis. Carbohydrates: all carbs ultimately converted to simple sex-carbon sugar - glucose - transported through the blood to all body tissues. 1: resting conditions - ingested carbohydrate is stored in muscles and liver in the form of glycogen. Glycogen stored in cytoplasm of muscle cells until cells use if to form atp. Glycogen stored in liver is converted back to glucose as needed, then transported by blood to active tissues > metabolized: glycogen stores are limited. Only energy source used by brain - limited carbs impairs cognitive function.
