MICB 201 Lecture 7: Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Document Summary
Chapter 4: antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in bacteria. So far, no archaeon has been shown to cause disease. Note: much of the information in this chapter concerning antibiotics only applies to bacteria. Impact of antibiotics: the use of antibiotics has added an average of 8 years to the lifespan of humans in developed countries. Emergence of antibiotic-resistance: becoming more and more prevalent in the environment (particularly in health care settings) Antibiotic-producing organisms: firmicutes and actinobacteria produces the most clinically useful antibiotics. Example: streptomyces sp. (actinobacteria): hyphal/mycelial bacteria: filamentous fungi (eukarya) also important sources of antibiotics. Examples: peculium sp: both are types of soil microorganisms, some archaea also make antibiotics not well studies, not used clinically. Real function of antibiotics in nature: for chemical communication between organisms(?, a(cid:374)ti(cid:271)ioti(cid:272)s o(cid:374)l(cid:455) (cid:862)kill(cid:863) at u(cid:374)(cid:374)aturall(cid:455) high (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:374)tratio(cid:374)s e. g. in the lab or during antibiotic treatment of an infection. Most antibiotics interfere with one of the following processes: pg synthesis, translation, transcription, dna replication.
