PSYC 305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Empathy, Extraversion And Introversion, Conscientiousness
Document Summary
Women experience more positive and negative emotions. Women score higher on measures of empath. After puberty, women show depression 2-3x more than men. Women also ruminate more, which contributes to depression. By age 4 or 5, boys show higher aggression. Across cultures, men are more aggessive, as assessed on personality tests, in fantasies, and in manifest behaviour. Girls accept stereotypical notions of how they should be. Repress true feelings; adopt a nice and woman-like self-presentation. Idealized standards of beauty cause further decline in self-esteem. Greater bodily changes with puberty, more body image issues due to discrepancy between real and idealized body type. Social pressures placed on girls from a very young age. In the 1930s, researchers assumed sex differences on various personality items were attributable to differences along the single dimension of masculinity-femininity. But could someone score high on both masculinity and femininity? yes. This led to the concept of androgyny.
