AHSS*2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: High High, Victor Vroom, Authoritarianism
Week 4: Contingency Theories in Leadership
Contingency Leadership Theories
-means, “it depends”
-attempts to explain leadership styles based on leader, followers, and situation
-leadership style for all situations
Variables // Framework
Followers Leader Situation
Capability Personality traits Task
Motivation Behavior Structure
Experience Environment
Four Models
•1) Contingency Leadership
•2) Leadership-Continuum
•3) Path-Goal
•4) Normative
Contingency Leadership Model - Fred Fielder (1951)
-Reflects personality (trait theory) and behavior
-leadership styles are constant, situation is fluid
-determines if style is task or relationship
-If situation (leader-member relationship, task structure, position power) matches
style to maximize performance
Fiedler’s Variables
1. Followers - leader-member relations
2. Leader - none
3. Situation - leader-member relations, task structure, position power
Leader-Member Relations
-Strongest determinant
-Cooperative or antagonistic
-Trust, confidence or tension in leader?
-Better = favorable, more influence
Task Structure
-2nd strongest
-Repetitive, routine tasks
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Document Summary
Means, it depends attempts to explain leadership styles based on leader, followers, and situation leadership style for all situations. Reflects personality (trait theory) and behavior leadership styles are constant, situation is fluid. Determines if style is task or relationship. If situation (leader-member relationship, task structure, position power) matches style to maximize performance. Fiedler"s variables: followers - leader-member relations, leader - none, situation - leader-member relations, task structure, position power. Leadership continuum model - robert tannenbaum and warren schmidt (1950) To meet situation in order to maximize performance. Tannenbaum and schmidt"s variables: followers - subordinates, leader - boss, situation - situation (time) Based on experience, values, background, knowledge, confidence. Preferred style for leader is based on personality, behavior. More willing, able to participate = more freedom of participation used. Managers may influence leadership style (if they use autocratic leadership style, leader may use it too) More time to make pcarticipative decisions, no time = autocratic leadership.
