ENVS 1000U Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Selective Breeding, Panmixia, Disruptive Selection
11 Feb 2016
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Document Summary
Understanding biological evolution is vital for understanding modern biology! How are populations of species altered over time: genetic drift, population bottleneck, founder effect. Main mechanism used by populations to adapt and evolve is natural selection: in 1859, darwin and wallace proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution . What is natural selection: differential success in survival and reproduction of individuals, results in certain genetic traits being passed to the next generation in greater proportions, over time characteristics of population change. Evidence of natural selection is everywhere: natural selection is evident in every adaptation of every organism, evident in bacteria and fruit flies in laboratories, evident in selective breeding of animals and plants = artificial selection. Artificial selection has been used by humans: the process of selection for desirable traits conducted under human direction e. g. artificial selection has led to great variety of dog breeds and foods.
