BCH 4123 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Volume Overload, Polycystic Kidney Disease, Hypocalcaemia
24 Jan 2017
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Increase in pco2 leading to ph < 7. 4. Acute causes: obstructed airways fro choking or lung disorders, sedatives, cardiac arrest. Chronic causes: copd, asthma, neuromuscular disease. Als, ms: severe obesity, often change in ph is less substantial because the body compensates. Acute compensation: very little, mostly buffering by intracellular proteins like hb, for every 10mmhg pco2 increase, bicarb increases 1mm, can cause damage to proteins if too heavily relied on. Chronic compensation: kidneys take 3-5 days for maximum response, for every 10mmhg pco2 increase, bicarb increases 4mm. Decrease in pco2 leading to ph > 7. 5. Acute compensation: little compensation, mostly buffered by intracellular proteins where h+ moves from icf to ecf, for every 10mmhg pco2 decreases, bicarb decreases 2mm. Chronic compensation: kidneys lose more bicarb and takes 2-3 days, for every 10mmhg pco2 decreased, bicarb decreases 5mm. Excrete wastes: toxic products of metabolism, nitrogenous wastes generates toxic ammonia, ammonia converted to urea and excreted.
