BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Tubulin, P53, Kinetochore

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G2: second growth period (increase organelles) (g1, g2, s, is interphase) Mitosis is a small part of the cell cycle. 3 checkpoints: at the end of g1 (g1/s checkpoint g1 restriction point , at the very end of g2 (g2/m checkpoint) In the transition from metaphase to anaphase during m phase (m-phase checkpoint) Allows you to move from metaphase to anaphase. 3 points in time that the cell has the opportunity to halt or to move forward. Can put it into a holding pattern (g0 phase) and give it the opportunity to repair itself and move past that checkpoint. Use proteins and enzymes that act as molecular switches to determine if things are correct and trigger whether the cell can move forward. First checkpoint: growth factors, nutrients, cell size, and dna damage. Second checkpoint: growth factors are what allow the cell to pursue the cell cycle at g1. Externally growth, survival factors eg ngf, or egf.

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