BIO 2133 Lecture 6: BIO 2133 Lecture 6
16 Mar 2017
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Forward genetics vs reverse genetics: confirm transmission: cross organisms to see if certain phenotypes are transmitted. Model organisms why use them: organisms used in genetic studies. The goal: understanding a biological process or structure. Forward genetics: tart (cid:449)ith (cid:862)u(cid:374)k(cid:374)o(cid:449)(cid:374)(cid:863) syste(cid:373, mutations to identify genes needed, mutant phenotypes reveal functions, map the genes. Reverse genetics: begins with gene or its product, work backwards to find the process involving the gene. Breaking the system: mutagenesis: start with large population of identical individuals, use mutagenic process to greatly increase the number of mutants. Identify interesting mutations affecting the process under study. If a mutation is sex linked, male will always pass it on and if its on the y, it will always be passed on to male offspring. Independent assortment: segregation, with these rules we can predict the ratio of each genotype and phenotype.
