BIO 2133 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Forward Genetics, Reverse Genetics, Model Organism
9 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Model organism: an experimental organism conducive to research whose genetics is intensively studied on the premise that the ndings can be applied to other organisms. Multiple generations with many offspring in a shorter amount of time. Many offspring: the more offspring the more statistically signi cant any variation will be. Can have a higher rate of mutations. Don"t want to harm people (ex. induce a mutation), can"t breed people for studies. Animal being studied often gets killed at the end of the study. Other organisms can have similar genetic codes/biologies to ours. Reverse genetics: beings with gene or its product, work backward to gure out the process involving the genetic. Start with large population of identical individuals. Use mutagenic process to greatly increase the number of mutants. Identify interesting mutations affecting the process under study. Nb: need germ cells to carry the mutation. Map the gene that has been mutated. Find which of these genes is the culprit.
