BIO 3102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Tandemly Arrayed Genes, Transposable Element, Genome Size
29 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
In certain cases, lack of correlation between morphological complexity and genome size: different groups of organisms. There are a lot of transposable elements and extra dna: some protists have very odd ways of storing their genomes, macro and micro nuclei, etc. Reductive evolution in obligate intracellular parasitic pathogens: looked at nuclear genes and found some that were endosymbiotic they use to have mitochondria and than lost them, unicellular eukaryotes, not as much is known about them! Was originally thought it diverged a long time ago because didn"t have mitochondria, but they looked at the nuclear genes that were of endosymbiotic origin. Proves that there used to be mitochondria but they lost them: gain of 1911 in human, this tree looks like a upgma tree, rooted, unscaled. Genic contribution to expansion in genome size: through dna duplication, exon duplicated, shuffled, gene duplicated. In tandem array: gene family duplicated, eg. alpha-globin and beta-globin, entire genome duplicates.
