GEO 1301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Mantle Plume, Igneous Rock, Volcanic Pipe
4 Apr 2016
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Form from cooling and crystallizaion (solidiicaion) of magma. Magma: molten rock (500-1500c, from mantle, silicate soluion. Magma can crystalize: underground (at depth) Large crystals phaneriic texture (rough: at the surface. Crystallizaion of silicates occurs in sequence based on meling point (bowen"s reacion series) *see 3c slide 11-13* allows for mineral assemblages: ultramaic, maic, intermediate, felsic. Minerals with lower meling temp melt irst, while those w/ higher meling temp melt last. Mixture of solid and liquid minerals, like slush. Liquid phase can be remobilized to form magmas and rocks of diferent composiions. Two main types of magmas: felsic, maic. Intermediate: more similar to felsic in terms of erupion style. Geographic distribuion of magmaic acivity: oceanic ridges, subducion zones: island arcs, subducion zones: coninental arcs, hot spots. Mantle plume is ixed, lithosphere moves creaing series of volcanoes. Older volcanoes lithospheric subducion (move underwater)
